Improvement in brick-machines



31Sheets-8heet2 G. BOUDBIQT. Brisk-Machines.

Patented JuiyZ, i874.,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICEc i IMPROVEMENT IN BRICK-MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Lett( rs Patent No. 153,189, dated July21, 1874; application il'el June 26, 1874.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GUsTAv BoUDRIoT, of IVehringhausen, Germany, haveinvented a new and Improved Brick-Machine, of which the following is aspecification:

The nature of my invention consists in the arrangement of a machine tomanufacture bricks. upon the principle and after themethod ofhand-working; and it consists, first, in the arrangement of pressing thebricks by means ot' rollers 5 secondly, in the arrangement of abottomless mold or form chain, thirdly, in the arrangement of sprinklingthe bricks, from above and from below, with dry warm sand 5 fourthly, inthe peculiar mechanism for pushing the bricks out of the molds or forms,and transporting the same away. v

In the accompanying drawings, Figure I represents a longitudinal sectionof a brickmachine embodying my invention. Fig. II is a cross-section atline 2, Fig. I. Fig. III is a top view of Fig. II, of the pressing-outmechanism. Fig. IV is a cross-section at the line 3, Fig. I. Fig. V is ahorizontal half-section at line 4, Fig. I.v Fig. VI is a horizontalhalfsection at line 5, Fig. I.

Similar letters represent correspon din g parts in all the figures.

On a suit-able frame, A, two drums, B B', are supported, over which anendless mold or it'orm chain, C, is stretched. Above the drum B theclay-mill I) is arranged. The upper part, D,ot' the inside of thisclay-mill,is made funnel-shaped to receive the clay, which may bebrought into the same by means of suitable conveyers. The central part,D, of the clay-mill is made octagonal, while the lower part, D" ,issquare, and as large 'as the framing will allow, for the deposition ofthe stones and other pernicious substances. This lower part D is closedby doors E E, (see Figs. I and VI,) to remove the stones and othersubstances out of the mill. The claycutter consists of an upright shaft,F, running in suitable bearings, and has attached to it two rakeknives,Gr G, passing by a grate, H, situated in the upper part of the squarepart D, for the purpose of separating the stones and other substancesfrom the clay. K are a number of driving-knives, securely fastened tothe shaft F at angle of about thirty degrees, to which smaller knives aarefastened. These knives will thoroughly mix and cut up the clay whilepassing throughthe octagonal partD. The grateH consists of bars b, whichare bent in the radius of the mill-spindle, resting on suitablebearings. (See Fig. VI.) One part of this grate H is left open for thestones and other substances to fall oft' into the square bottom part D.The bars are made conical, to prevent them being stopped up with stones.The rake-knives Gr are provided with points c which pass between theradial bars b of the grate, and whereby the clay is cut up fine andforced through the grate H, while stones, &c., are pushed away till theyfall through the open part H ot' the grate. Under the grate an inclinedsurface or funnel, L, is arran ged, whereby the clay is conducteddownward upon the mold or form chain C. This mold or form chain (lconsists of tive, more or less, brickforms cast together, and a numberof them jointed together to form an endless chain. These molds arebottomless, consisting only of side walls with projecting flanges on theouter sides and at front and back. The projecting flanges c on front andback, or forward and behind, touch each other (see Figs. I and III)where the chain forms a straight line, to prevent any clay fallingbetween the same. The proj ecting ian ges d at the sides (see Figs. IIand III) are made with recesses g, for the purpose hereafter mentioned.M is a plate attached to the frame A, just below the upper part of themold-chain G, and below the funnel L, forming a bottom for the claywhich it presses into the molds; and to support the mold-chain (l in astraight line. Forward of the plate M. two rollers, N N, are tixed insuitable bearings on the frame A, one above and one below the mold-chainC, through which the clay is pressed into the molds. Two smallerrollers, I? I), likewise situated above and below the mold-chain C, arearranged forward ot' and close to the rollers N, and bear hard upon thetop and against the bottom of the molds, through which the clay ispressed firml y into the molds, and any surplus clay at the top andbottom of the molds re moved.

AThe forward drum, B, receives a regular motion, and gives thereby a continuous motion 2 maniac tothe mold-chain C. The lower part of the chainC passes through a suitable tank, 0, filled with water, whereby themolds are always washed and cleaned before the same pass between thefunnel-plate L and the bottom plate M. The lower roller N runs likewisein a tank, Q, containing water, and a stream of water is directed uponthe upper roller N. Anysurplus water is pressed out by the smallerpressure-rollers l l. Near the middle of the machine, forward of thepressure-rollers N and l, t-he sami-sprinkling mechanism is arranged.The same consists of an inner box, R, surrounded by an outer shell, S.In the central part an opening, T, closed on the sides, is arranged,through which the upper part of the moldcl1ain C, with the mold filledwith clay, passes. To the top of the inner box a funnel,U, is fitted, toull the same with sand. In the bottom of this inner sand-box It aroller, l1, (see Figs. I and 1V,) having rightand-left-handed wings onits circumference, arranged, to keep the sand in motion and move thesame toward the middle of the box. ln the top and bottom of the centralopening T, elongated holes of a length `equal to the width of themold-chain C are made, and close to these holes fan-wheels f f arearranged in the inside of the sand-box 1t, to keep the sand in motion,and the lower -wheel being particularly for the purpose of throwing thesand upward against the under side of the clay previ.- ously pressedinto .themolds of the chain C. To the upper hole a slide, i, is fitted,to regulate the quantity `of sand to be thrown upon the upperside of themold-chain U, upon the top of the clay which has been pressed into thesaid molds. The hole in the bottom of the opening T does not require anyslide to regulate the amount of sand, as any excess will fall back intothe sand-box It. The space between the sand-box It and the outer casingS is supplied with steam through the piped', (see Fig. lV,) while thepipe l, at the bottoni, carries oiig the condensed water. the sand inthe box R will always be kept warm, and heated sand will be sprinkledupon the top and against the under side ofthe clay in the mold-chain. C,which will, at the same time, more readily absorb any excess of water inthe clay.

After that part of the mold-chain C which has been filled with clay haspassed through the sand-box, and has been sprinkled with warm. sand, asabove described, the further motion of the mold-chainC brings thosemolds filled and sprinkled under the pressing-out Inechanism. (See Figs.I, Il, and III.) same consists of plates 01 pl ungers V, attached to across-bar, Vv", provided with rollers m m on its ends, guide-rods 'nl nprojecting upward, and arms p p projecting downward, in a line with theguide-rods n n. The guide-rods a a move in guides q, attached toguide-rods or frames X, moving or slidiiig freely horizontally, insuitable bearings fui, fast to the frame A. The rollers m fm, on theends ofthe cross- ]ly this arrangement,l

The

bar iV, are fitted and move in and upon frames Y, attached to the insideot the framing A. These frames Y are provided with V-shaped grooves S,open at the top. The downwardprojecting arms p p rest upon theprojecting side flanges d of the mold-chain (l. (See Figs. II and III.)The number of the plungers V corresponds with the number of molds ineach link of t-he mold-chain C, and are made double, so `as to it intothe molds of two links at the same time and operation, and, as shown inthe drawing, consist consequently of ten plnn gers attached to the frameor cross-bar NV.

The operation of thispressingout mechanism is as follows: Vheu themold-chain comes directly under the plun gers V, the recesses or notchesg in the projecting side flanges d are directly under the arms p j),which, having previously rested upon the iiangeSl d, fall into theserecesses or notches g y, and bring` the rollers m. in, on the ends ofthe cross-bar into the V-shaped grooves S in the frames Y. The furtherprogress of the chain (l will cause the plungers V, with theircross-frame lV, to move with it, causing the plungers to move at thesame time downward, so as to press the clay which had been iilled intothe forms or molds out of the same, and then to move upward again out ofthe forms or molds, in consequence of the ends of the cross-fra-meVbeing forced through the V-shaped recesses .s' in the frames Y duringthe forward motion of the mold-chain G, and the plungers V, and crossbarKV.

During this forward, downward, and up ward motion ofthe pl'un gers Vthese plungers are caused to :move perpendicular, downward and upward,on account of their arms p p being held fast and guided in the recessesf/ y in the side ianges d of the moldchain (l, and their guide-rods n ubeing guided in the guides q (l on the frames X, which latter are,during this operation, caused to slide horizontally in their fixedbearings w. In the end of the frames X levers Z are arranged, turning insuitable bea-rings r, fast to the framing A, and operated at their lowerends by projections a', fast on the side surfaces of the chain-drum l.

As soon as the plungers V have moved out of the forms in the mold-chainC, as above described, the projections .t 011 the drum 'i3 will actagainst the lower ends of the levers Z, causing thereby their upper endsto act upon the frames X so as to move the same, and consequently thecross frame or bar V, together with the plungers V attached,backwardagain into their original position, ready for the next operation, therollers m m passing during this operation over the curved surfaces i',between the openings of the V-shaped recesses s on the frames Y, tosupport the cross-frame W and plungers V. Below the pressingout mechanism,between the upper and lower part of the 1n old-chain C, rails u areattached tothe f raming A at right angle to the chain G, upon whichsuitable carriages l are placed to receive the brick s or molded clay assoon as the same are pressed out one or more teeth, as to cause thecarriage It to stop during the time thevpressed clay or bricks aredelivered out of the molds by the above-mentioned mechanism, anddeposited upon said carriage.

Instead ot' heating the sand in the box R by introducing steam into thespace between sa-id box R and the outer casing S, a grate for irc may bearranged in the lower part of the outer box or casing S, and the sandheated by the circulation of the iiame and gases around the sand-box It.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is-

1. The endless mold chain C, formed of links, each link consisting of anumber of bottomless molds or forms cast together and provided withprojecting end flanges e and side iianges d, in the manner substantiallyas set forth.

2. In combination with the bottomless moldchain C, the fixed plate Mbelow said chain, and the presser-rollers N N and P P, situated aboveand below the mold-chain C, constructed and arranged in relation withthe clay-mill, substantially in the manner and for the purposespecified.

3. The sand-box R, provided with rollers or fan-wheels h and ff, andcentral opening T,

through which the mold-chain G passes, in combination with a surroundingcasing, S, supplied with steam or heat, the whole being constructed' andarranged in the manner and for the purpose substantially as set forth.

4. The plungers V, attached to a cross bar or frame, WV, and providedwith arms p and guide-rods a, in combination with frames Y provided withV-shaped grooves s and trames X, moving horizontally in suitablebearings 1v, the whole being constructed, arranged, and operatingtogether in the vmanner and for the purpose substantially as describedand set forth.

- 5. In combination with the frames X, the levers Z, turning in suitablebearings c attached to theframe A, and acted upon by projections :v faston the sides of the .chain-drum B, substantially in the manner and forthe purpose set forth.

6. In combination with a mold-chain, C, and the pressing out mechanism,arranged and constructed as above described, a carriage, R, running atright angle with said mold-chain C upon suitable rails a, attached tothe framing A, arranged and constructed substantially in the manner andfor the purpose specified.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand.

GUST. BOUDRIOT.

W'itnesses:

FRANZ WIRTH, FRANZ HAssLAcHER.

